What must researchers ensure when conducting studies involving human subjects?

Researchers must ensure the disclosure of any financial support received when conducting studies involving human subjects as a fundamental aspect of maintaining transparency and ethical standards. This disclosure is crucial because it allows both participants and the broader community to understand any potential conflicts of interest or biases that might arise from external funding sources. By being transparent about financial support, researchers uphold the integrity of their work and foster trust among participants and stakeholders.

Other options do not capture the essential ethical principles required in studies involving human subjects. While complete anonymity might be important in certain contexts, it is not always guaranteed or feasible depending on the nature of the study. Published results are important for contributing to the body of knowledge, but they are not a prerequisite for conducting a study. Additionally, participant recruitment often occurs multiple times or in waves, so the idea that it must occur only once is not a standard requirement in research protocols.