For a web-based survey collecting information on sexual behavior and drug use among college students, what method should be used to evaluate risk of harm?

The appropriate method for evaluating the risk of harm in a web-based survey collecting sensitive information about sexual behavior and drug use is by considering both the magnitude (severity) and the probability (likelihood) of harm. This comprehensive approach allows researchers to understand not only how likely it is that participants could experience harm as a result of their participation—such as psychological distress or social stigma—but also the potential severity of that harm if it were to occur.

By assessing both dimensions, researchers can better implement safeguards and ethical considerations tailored to mitigate risks effectively. For example, if the likelihood of harm is high but the severity is low, different strategies might be necessary compared to a situation where the severity is high, regardless of likelihood. This dual focus ensures a well-rounded assessment of risks, which is essential when dealing with sensitive topics that could significantly impact individuals' well-being.

Analyzing only the likelihood of harm would overlook the potential severity of negative outcomes, which could misinform the risk assessment. Similarly, focusing solely on the severity of harm ignores the probability aspect, leaving participants without an understanding of how likely they are to face such risks. Evaluating direct identifiers, while important in some contexts, does not encompass the broader risk evaluation needed in this scenario.