What should researchers avoid including in informed consent forms?

Informed consent forms are designed to ensure that participants understand the nature of the research they are partaking in and what it entails. Exculpatory language refers to phrases that absolve the researchers or the institution from liability for any harm that might come to participants while involved in the study. This type of language is problematic because it can mislead participants into believing that they are giving up their rights to seek redress for any harm caused during the research process.

Including exculpatory language undermines the principle of voluntary participation. Participants should be fully aware of their rights and understand that they can seek recourse if they experience negative outcomes. Informed consent should empower participants by providing transparent and truthful information without attempting to limit their rights.

In contrast, the other options — detailing the study's purpose, potential risks, and providing contact information for questions — are essential components of ethical research practices. These elements help ensure that participants can make informed decisions about their involvement in the study.