Which of the following is an example of how the principle of beneficence can be applied to a study employing human subjects?

The principle of beneficence in research emphasizes the obligation to maximize benefits while minimizing potential risks to the study's participants. This principle is fundamentally concerned with the well-being of individuals involved in research and aims to ensure that the positive outcomes of a study outweigh any potential harm.

The correct answer demonstrates this principle effectively by addressing both the maximization of benefits and the minimization of risks. In research involving human subjects, it is crucial to design studies in a way that not only seeks valuable results but also carefully considers the potential negative implications for participants. By evaluating this balance, researchers uphold ethical standards and promote trust in the research process.

Other options do not align with the principle of beneficence. Conducting research without participant consent fails to respect individuals’ autonomy and can lead to harm, undermining the ethical foundation of beneficence. Offering compensation to all subjects regardless of the study outcomes does not necessarily reflect an ethical approach to risk and benefit evaluation, as it may not address the core principles that guide ethical research practices. Finally, choosing participants based on convenience rather than ethical considerations can compromise the integrity of the study and increase the risk of harm, which is contrary to the goals of beneficence.