Which scenario exemplifies research involving human subjects according to federal regulations?

The scenario focused on an experiment involving gender-related stereotypes and math performance is a clear example of research involving human subjects according to federal regulations. This is because it actively engages human participants in a way that their behaviors, opinions, or characteristics are being studied. The involvement of human subjects is a key element in research that aims to understand psychological, social, or behavioral phenomena, which potentially involves obtaining data through direct interaction or observation.

In this particular scenario, the study explores how gender stereotypes may influence individuals’ performance in math-related tasks, necessitating the collection of personal data and responses from the participants being studied. This interaction among human participants aligns with the federal definitions that categorize research involving human subjects, particularly when human behavior is the focus of the inquiry.

Other scenarios included in the question do not necessarily fit this definition. For instance, while a nutritional study might involve human subjects, it could focus more on food intake or preferences without examining the impact on personal behaviors in a typical sense. A telephone survey about public opinions may gather data from individuals, but it often does not involve systematic behavioral interventions or treatments. A case study on historical educational practices likely evaluates existing records rather than interacting with human subjects in the present time, thus falling outside the federal definition of research involving