Which scenario is an example of an institutional conflict of interest?

An institutional conflict of interest arises when an organization has financial or relationships that may compromise its research integrity or lead to biased outcomes. In the provided scenario, where an industry sponsor pays for the construction of a new research laboratory at the organization, this could create a situation where the organization's interests align more closely with those of the sponsor. The potential for the sponsor's financial contribution to influence the research priorities, outcomes, or ethical considerations carried out in that lab makes it a clear example of institutional conflict of interest. This type of arrangement can lead to concerns about the independence of research conducted within that facility, as the organization may feel pressure to favor the sponsor’s interests over scientific integrity or public good.

Other scenarios may involve individuals with potential conflicts, but they do not represent the institution-wide implications seen in the first option. For example, a dean serving on the IRB could present conflicting interests, but it does not necessarily indicate a broader institutional compromise; it's more about individual decision-making. Similarly, providing scholarships to post-doctoral researchers does not imply an overarching conflict affecting the institution's integrity in the same comprehensive way. Lastly, the involvement of the organization's president with a local non-profit might raise questions on individual responsibility and governance but does not represent a direct institutional